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A Watch and a Game from Gates
RU
EN
ES
Contents
Before you start
A little history: handheld LCD games
Chapter 1. The watch
Lesson 0. Logic: 0 and 1, gates from transistors, an adder
0.1. The simulator
0.2. Boolean algebra: 0, 1 and three operations
0.3. A transistor is a switch
0.4. NOT, NAND, NOR from transistors
0.5. Adding one digit
0.6. A 4-bit adder
0.7. The canvas and the check
Lesson 0 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 1. BCD → 7-segment decoder
0. What you need to know
1. The screen
2. Inputs
3. Method: truth table → formula
4. Truth table
5. Deriving each segment
6. Assembly
7. Even cheaper (for later)
8. The whole lesson as one paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 2. Memory and a 0…9 counter
2.1. SR latch — memory for 1 bit
2.2. D latch — no forbidden combination
2.3. D flip-flop — remember in one instant
2.4. The 0…9 counter
2.5. The machine: counter → decoder → LCD
Lesson 2 as a paste (Cmd+I) — on top of lesson 1
Lesson 3. Seconds 00…59: two digits and a carry
3.1. How to link two digits — and why not "in a chain"
3.2. The MUX2 multiplexer: "choose one of two"
3.3. Chip CNT10E = CNT10 + EN
3.4. Tens of seconds: 0…5 on the same CNT10E
3.5. The second digit on the LCD
3.6. Check
Lesson 3 as a paste (Cmd+I) — on top of lessons 1 and 2
Lesson 4. An HH:MM watch made of blocks
4.1. Why HH:MM and not six digits
4.2. The CNT60 block — from scratch, on labels
4.3. The CNT24 block — hours 00…23
4.4. The LCD: two more digits and a colon
4.5. The canvas: a watch from three blocks
4.6. Check
Lesson 4 as a paste (Cmd+I) — on top of lessons 1–3
Lesson 5. Setting the time
5.1. The idea
5.2. Assembly (on top of the lesson-4 canvas)
5.3. Check
Lesson 6. Real time, SET mode and "one press = +1"
6.1. An honest generator: 1Hz, 2Hz, 10Hz, 60Hz
6.2. Why one generator for the whole watch (not "a separate one for the buttons")
6.3. The ÷10 divider — where "a second has passed" comes from
6.4. The colon: on half a second, off half a second
6.5. SET mode
6.6. Chip EDGE: one press = exactly +1
6.7. Assembly (on top of the lesson-5 canvas)
6.8. Check
Pasting the EDGE chip (Cmd+I)
Chapter 1 summary
Chapter 2. The game
Before chapter 2
Lesson 7. The game screen and a 60Hz clock
7.1. New in the LCD editor
7.2. The screen picture
7.3. Marking: 83 pins
7.4. A 60Hz clock
7.5. Check
Paste (Cmd+I) — only the new clock elements
Lesson 8. The astronaut's pose: 4 buttons → a register → body and arm
8.1. A pose = 2 bits
8.2. The encoder: which button is pressed
8.3. The register: pressed — stored, released — held
8.4. The decoder: which arm
8.5. Building the POSE chip
8.6. On the canvas
8.7. Check
Lesson 8 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 9. Pipes: the crystals roll
9.1. A pipe = a shift register
9.2. The game step and taking turns
9.3. Appearing: where randomness comes from in a circuit
9.4. Check
Lesson 9 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 10. Catching and missing
10.1. The judge
10.2. Score 000…999
10.3. Misses and the "flown away" crystal
10.4. Check
Lesson 10 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 11. Waiting for START, the game, game over
11.1. Three states — one flip-flop
11.2. START is a game reset
11.3. The GAME chip
11.4. Check
Lesson 11 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 12. Speed: the more points, the faster
12.1. How to make a divider "by P"
12.2. The SPEED chip
12.3. Check
Lesson 12 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 13. The comet
13.1. When it comes
13.2. How long it is visible
13.3. Two points
13.4. The COMET chip
13.5. Check
Lesson 13 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 14. Sound
14.1. The buzzer
14.2. A beep of 5 clocks
14.3. A "boo" on a miss
14.4. On the canvas
14.5. Check
Chapter 2 is built
Lesson 14 as a paste (Cmd+I)
Chapter 2 summary
All the parts
Instructions in pictures
Something doesn't work
Lesson 1 in pictures
← Back to the lesson: Lesson 1. BCD → 7-segment decoder
1
Decoder
BCD → 7 segments: four switches light a digit
kh
GW-01
VCC
1×
GND
1×
0
4×
IN
17×
OUT
11×
AND
9×
0
OR
5×
0
NAND
2×
0
NOT
7×
0
NOR
2×
0
∞
Ctrl
+
G
AND3
AND4
OR3
NAND3
DEC4x1
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
16
CANVAS
1
Segment LCD
1×
Segment LCD
Size
24
×
30
Enter
2
Stamps
S
M
L 21
Digits
Esc
3
S
Enter
New pin
a
Enter
7×
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
4
7×
Segment LCD
a
a
b
b
c
c
d
d
e
e
f
f
g
g
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
17
CANVAS …
AND3
5
VCC
1×
GND
1×
0
3×
5×
VCC
VCC
GND
GND
0
D0
0
D1
0
D2
6
0
1×
1×
0
D3
7
IN
3×
OUT
1×
AND
2×
0
6×
A
B
C
Y
AND
A
A
B
B
Y
ab
AND
A
ab
B
C
Y
Y
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
18
AND3 …
AND4
8
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
AND3
Enter
AND3
A
B
C
Y
9
IN
4×
OUT
1×
AND
3×
0
9×
A
B
C
D
Y
AND
A
A
B
B
Y
ab
AND
A
ab
B
C
Y
abc
AND
A
abc
B
D
Y
Y
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
19
AND4 …
OR3
10
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
AND4
Enter
AND4
A
B
C
D
Y
11
IN
3×
OUT
1×
OR
2×
0
6×
A
B
C
Y
OR
A
A
B
B
Y
ab
OR
A
ab
B
C
Y
Y
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
20
OR3 …
NAND3
12
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
OR3
Enter
OR3
A
B
C
Y
13
IN
3×
OUT
1×
NAND
2×
0
NOT
1×
0
8×
A
B
C
Y
NAND
A
A
B
B
Y
nab
NOT
A
nab
Y
ab
NAND
A
ab
B
C
Y
Y
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
21
NAND3 …
DEC4x1
14
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
NAND3
Enter
NAND3
A
B
C
Y
15
IN
4×
OUT
7×
D0
D1
D2
D3
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
16
NOT
3×
0
6×
NOT
A
D0
Y
nD0
NOT
A
D1
Y
nD1
NOT
A
D2
Y
nD2
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
22
DEC4x1 …
17
NOT
1×
0
2×
NOT
A
D3
Y
nD3
18
AND4
1×
AND3
1×
9×
AND4
A
nD3
B
nD2
C
nD1
D
D0
Y
nD3nD2nD1D0
AND3
A
D2
B
nD1
C
nD0
Y
D2nD1nD0
19
AND3
1×
AND
1×
0
NOR
1×
0
10×
AND3
A
D2
B
D1
C
D0
Y
D2D1D0
AND
A
D0
B
D1
Y
D0D1
NOR
A
nD3nD2nD1D0
B
D2nD1nD0
Y
a
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
23
DEC4x1 …
20
AND
1×
0
OR
2×
0
9×
AND
A
nD0
B
nD1
Y
nD1nD0
OR
A
nD1nD0
B
D0D1
Y
b_low
OR
A
nD2
B
b_low
Y
b
21
NAND3
1×
OR3
1×
NOT
1×
0
10×
NAND3
A
nD2
B
D1
C
nD0
Y
c
OR3
A
nD3nD2nD1D0
B
D2nD1nD0
C
D2D1D0
Y
d_off
NOT
A
d_off
Y
d
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
24
DEC4x1 …
22
OR
1×
0
AND
1×
0
6×
OR
A
nD2
B
D1
Y
e_or
AND
A
e_or
B
nD0
Y
e
23
AND
1×
0
OR3
1×
NOT
1×
0
9×
AND
A
nD2
B
D1
Y
nD2D1
OR3
A
nD3nD2nD1D0
B
nD2D1
C
D0D1
Y
f_off
NOT
A
f_off
Y
f
24
AND3
1×
NOR
1×
0
7×
AND3
A
nD3
B
nD2
C
nD1
Y
nD3nD2nD1
NOR
A
nD3nD2nD1
B
D2D1D0
Y
g
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
25
DEC4x1 …
CANVAS
25
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
DEC4x1
Enter
DEC4x1
D0
D1
D2
D3
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
26
DEC4x1
1×
11×
DEC4x1
D0
D0
D1
D1
D2
D2
D3
D3
a
a
b
b
c
c
d
d
e
e
f
f
g
g
1
D0
0
D1
1
D2
0
D3
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · GW-01
26
← Back to the lesson
Lesson 1. BCD → 7-segment decoder