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74-Series Chips
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Contents
Introduction
History: a computer from the catalogue
Lesson 0. Gates from transistors: for those who start from scratch
0.1. The idea: a transistor is a switch
0.2. Building
0.3. Check
Lesson 0 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 1. Logic in packages: 74HC00, 02, 04, 08, 32
1.1. The idea: a chip is a package with gates
1.2. The idea: free inputs go to ground
1.3. The idea: a latch from one chip
1.4. Building
1.5. Check
Lesson 1 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 2. Flip-flops in a package: 74HC74 and a frequency divider
2.1. The idea: a flip-flop with set and reset
2.2. The idea: six NANDs inside
2.3. The idea: a divider is a flip-flop that flips
2.4. Building
2.5. Check
Lesson 2 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 3. A counter in a package: 74HC390 and a stopwatch
3.1. The idea: ÷2 and ÷5 make ÷10
3.2. The idea: clocking on the fall
3.3. The idea: reset on a one
3.4. Building
3.5. Check
Lesson 3 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 4. A decoder in a package: 74HC138 and a running light
4.1. The idea: number → one wire
4.2. The idea: active 0
4.3. The idea: 4 → 16 from two 3 → 8
4.4. Building
4.5. Check
Lesson 4 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 5. A shift register: 74HC595 and 8 lamps over three wires
5.1. The idea: bits over one wire
5.2. The idea: a latch shows everything at once
5.3. The idea: the third state
5.4. Building
5.5. Check
Lesson 5 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 6. Bus buffers: 74HC244 and 74HC245
6.1. The idea: a bus and the third state
6.2. The idea: a buffer is a double inversion
6.3. The idea: both ways — two 74HC244
6.4. Building
6.5. Check
Lesson 6 paste (Cmd+I)
Lesson 7. An electronic dice
7.1. The idea: a counter to six
7.2. The idea: face number → dots
7.3. The idea: a fair roll
7.4. Building
7.5. Check
Lesson 7 paste (Cmd+I)
Summary
All the parts
Instructions in pictures
Lesson 0 in pictures
← Back to the lesson: Lesson 0. Gates from transistors: for those who start from scratch
0
Gates (optional)
NOT, NAND, NOR, AND, OR, XOR from transistors
kh
HB-05
NOT
NAND
NOR
AND
OR
XOR
IN
11×
OUT
6×
P
11×
N
11×
∞
Ctrl
+
G
NOT
NAND
NOR
AND
OR
XOR
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
4
NOT
1
IN
1×
OUT
1×
P
1×
N
1×
6×
I0
O0
VCC
O0
G
P
I0
O0
GND
G
N
I0
2
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
NOT
Enter
NOT
I0
O0
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
5
NAND
3
IN
2×
OUT
1×
P
2×
N
1×
9×
I0
I1
O0
VCC
O0
G
P
I0
VCC
O0
G
P
I1
O0
mid
G
N
I0
4
N
1×
3×
mid
GND
G
N
I1
5
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
NAND
Enter
NAND
I0
I1
O0
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
6
NOR
6
IN
2×
OUT
1×
P
2×
N
1×
9×
I0
I1
O0
VCC
mid
G
P
I0
mid
O0
G
P
I1
O0
GND
G
N
I0
7
N
1×
3×
O0
GND
G
N
I1
8
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
NOR
Enter
NOR
I0
I1
O0
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
7
AND
9
IN
2×
OUT
1×
P
2×
N
1×
9×
I0
I1
O0
VCC
n
G
P
I0
VCC
n
G
P
I1
n
mid
G
N
I0
10
N
2×
P
1×
9×
mid
GND
G
N
I1
VCC
O0
G
P
n
O0
GND
G
N
n
11
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
AND
Enter
AND
I0
I1
O0
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
8
OR
12
IN
2×
OUT
1×
P
2×
N
1×
9×
I0
I1
O0
VCC
mid
G
P
I0
mid
n
G
P
I1
n
GND
G
N
I0
13
N
2×
P
1×
9×
n
GND
G
N
I1
VCC
O0
G
P
n
O0
GND
G
N
n
14
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
OR
Enter
OR
I0
I1
O0
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
9
XOR
15
IN
2×
OUT
1×
OR
1×
NAND
1×
AND
1×
9×
I0
I1
O0
OR
I0
I0
I1
I1
O0
o
NAND
I0
I0
I1
I1
O0
n
AND
I0
o
I1
n
O0
O0
16
Ctrl
+
G
Library
…
Chip N
2×
Library
…
XOR
Enter
XOR
I0
I1
O0
© 2026 Daniil Khanin · khanin.info · HB-05
10
← Back to the lesson
Lesson 0. Gates from transistors: for those who start from scratch